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Thrombosed hemorrhoids are hemorrhoids that have clotted on the inside of the anus (a ‘thrombus’). These clots form in the veins of the rectum just under the skin. External thrombosed hemorrhoids can be seen and/or felt. Sometimes they are soft. Other times they are hard.

The term hemorrhoid is usually used in relation to symptoms caused by hemorrhoids. That is because hemorrhoids are present in healthy individuals. It is only when vascular cushions produce symptoms that they are referred to as "hemorrhoids". Hemorrhoids generally cause painful symptoms when they are enlarged, inflamed, thrombosed, or prolapsed.

Because they consist of the strangulation of a vein that is just under the skin, thrombosed hemorrhoids most commonly turn blue. Also, the outer skin can redden if the hemorrhoid in question is irritated and becomes inflamed. Although they are quite often very painful, thrombosed hemorrhoids do not normally require surgery.

Hemorrhoids can be successfully treated with warm baths, hemorrhoid cream and/or the addition of more fiber in the diet. For more serious thrombosed hemorrhoids, not resolved with the aforementioned treatments, surgery is usually indicated so that the clot can be drained or excised.

Routine histological assessment of hemorrhoidal tissue is usually not very rewarding, particularly if it is grossly examined by an experienced anorectal surgeon. So, obviously, any suspicious tissue found must be sent to a laboratory for microscopic evaluation. External hemorrhoids are routinely classified by underlying pathology and symptoms, as well as thrombosed veins, bleeding caused from eroded blood clots, and remaining skin tags that can cause hygiene problems.

When people (even doctors) say "hemorrhoid", they are usually referring to the symptoms caused by hemorrhoids. Believe if or not, hemorrhoids are present in healthy individuals. It is only when these vascular cushions become enlarged, inflamed, prolapsed or thrombosed that most laypersons and physicians then refer to them as "hemorrhoids".

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